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Bio-LNG, also known as liquefied biogas or liquefied biomethane, Is a renewable fuel that currently serves as one of the most economical and cleanest options in the transport sector. Produced from organic residuals, its specific niche is decarbonising sectors where electrification is difficult: for example, long-distance or heavy goods transport and shipping, among other energy intensive industries.
In 2021, bioenergy accounted for 59% of the total renewable energy consumption in the EU, and therefore around 13% of total energy consumption - a significant chunk in both cases. Specifically in the transport sector, biofuel consumption increased by 39% between 2013 and 2021. So, considering the widespread and increasing use, why hasn’t energy derived from biomass replaced energy from fossil fuels yet? Among other growing pains, there is an ongoing question about land use, often called the ‘food vs fuel debate’. Should we be dedicating arable land to growth of energy crops, when this limits the land available for food crops?
Lignin - a term you might have heard in high school biology, and infrequently since. It’s the binding agent in wood, as well as the world’s second most abundant biopolymer after cellulose and holds immense potential as a renewable resource for a huge range of applications.
There is a misconception that it is primarily burned as waste in the paper and pulp industry, which isn’t true, but it has much more potential than what it currently lives up to. In the emerging bioeconomy, lignin could play a crucial role in replacing fossil resources and enabling more sustainable production. But how exactly can it be used, where do current developments stand, and what obstacles hinder its large-scale adoption?
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